Utilities & Sleights

147 entries in Silk & Handkerchief / Utilities & Sleights
Creators Title Comments & References Year Source Page AA Categories
Unknown The Handkerchief for Vanishing Money coin sewn in corner
 		1876 Modern Magic 194
Unknown To Exchange a borrowed Handkerchief for a Substitute methods using coat
 		1876 Modern Magic 240
Unknown The Reversible Canister bottle with two compartments to switch handkerchief or something else
 		1876 Modern Magic 245
Unknown The Burning Globe brass globe for switching
 		1876 Modern Magic 246
Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin, Unknown The Shower of Sweets sweets appear on plate from loading bag with handkerchief, another loading bag from Robert-Houdin
Related to 1876 Modern Magic 251
Unknown The Hand Box, for Vanishing a Handkerchief secret container attached to hand
Related to 1876 Modern Magic 263
Buatier de Kolta The Buatier "Pull"
Related to 1890 More Magic 209
Buatier de Kolta Another bare-armed Vanish
Related to 1890 More Magic 213
Carl Willmann Der Zauberstab und seine verschiedenen Präparationen
  • wand with hollow tip for silk production
  • different preparations for stealing a silk
  • wand penetrates borrowed hat
  • object produced from mouth of spectator
  • wand with knife tip to secretly cut something like spring flower package
 		Feb. 1895 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 1 No. 2) 17
Jenkins 1. Die Fadenschlinge nach Jenkins loop around hand to fixate and hide silk
 		July 1895 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 1 No. 7) 102
Unknown Die ihre Farbe wechselnden Tücher silk changes color when pushed through rolled-up white cardboard, secret cylinder gimmick
Related to Jan. 1896 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 2 No. 1) 5
Unknown Das verschwundene Ei "nach C. B.", item wrapped into silk handkerchief vanishes, hole in handkerchief
 		July 1896 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 2 No. 7) 111
Carl Willmann Willmann's auslösbare Zugmechanik für Tücher lockable silk pull system, detailed
Related to Dec. 1896 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 2 No. 12) 182
Professor Mattmueller Das Chamäleon-Tuch bare handed color-changing silk, tube made in silk color
 		Aug. 1896 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 1 No. 12) 189
Unknown Die Drahtschlinge "Einige Hilfsmittel der Magie"
wire loop for body load productions
 		Nov. 1896 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 2 No. 3) 33
Unknown Der Verschwindungscylinder "Einige Hilfsmittel der Magie"
small black container/cylinder on a pull to vanish objects
 		Dec. 1896 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 2 No. 4) 49
Unknown Der Papierfinger false finger made from tissue paper for silk production, crumpled up at the end
 		Jan. 1897 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 3 No. 1) 10
Unknown Das Verschwindungstuch "by Dr. A. K. in L.", silk with disc or ring to simulate glass, can slide into corner, second version where disc is on threads behind the silk
Related to
  • Willmann's Salon-Magie, p. 280
 Mar. 1897 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 3 No. 3) 39
Carl Willmann Das Erscheinen eines Tuches in freier Hand long article on different methods to produce silks in the bare hands, with hand container gimmicks, also body loads with loops
Related to
  • Willmann's Salon-Magie, p. 81
 Apr. 1897 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 3 No. 4) 57
Unknown Das Tuch im Licht vanished silk reproduced from flame of candle, small container attached behind candle
Related to June 1897 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 3 No. 6) 87
Unknown Die Handschale oder Muschel "Einige Hilfsmittel der Magie"
flesh-colored attachment over palm of hand to hide silks, spring flowers, ...
 		Jan. 1897 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 2 No. 5) 65
Unknown Die Blechattrappe "Einige Hilfsmittel der Magie"
container with lids sticking out to hold it between fingers behind hand
 		Feb. 1897 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 2 No. 6) 81
Friedrich W. Conradi-Horster Die höchste Potenz der Geschwindigkeit four large different-colored silks vanish at once, dummy with four corners to fake existence of silks in hand
Related toAlso published here May 1897 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 2 No. 9) 132
Unknown Der Glaseinsatz "Einige Hilfsmittel der Magie"
tube gimmick to load a silk into a bottle
Related to July 1897 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 3 No. 1) 2
Carl Willmann Tuch und Karaffe tube gimmick to load a silk into a bottle
Related to Mar. 1898 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 4 No. 3) 42
Carl Willmann Willmann's Tuch-Servante holder for silk behind table or box
 		Apr. 1898 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 4 No. 4) 59
Carl Willmann Die Tuchmechanik discussions of different pulls, pendulum, sleeve, celluloid container
Variations May 1898 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 4 No. 5) 71
Carl Willmann Zum Tuchverschwinden on the silk vanish with black celluloid egg
Inspired by Nov. 1898 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 4 No. 11) 170
Samuel "St. Roman" Thiersfeld Wie Roman Tauben und Vögel verschwinden lässt No. 12, vanishing different objects
  • doves in glass cylinders
  • glasses (both under handkerchief with dummy circle sewn in)
  • bird in paper carton that is switched when wand is dropped
  • pull
 		1899 Jedermann Zauberkünstler! 44
Unknown Das Eskamotieren vanishes without a false-transfer
  • one-handed back palm coin vanish
  • one-handed silk vanish (with rubber band at back of hand)
Related to 1899 Jedermann Zauberkünstler! 142
Fr. Maubach Das Verschwinden von vier verschiedenfarbigen Tüchern four large different-colored silks vanish at once, dummy with four corners to fake existence of silks in hand, pull
Related to Aug. 1899 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 5 No. 8) 119
Noll Marcellin Das verschwindende Wasserglas vanishing glass in silk, disc in silk as well as a metal rod that can be stuck into tray so the empty silk can stand upright by itself
Variations Sep. 1899 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 5 No. 9) 136
Wilhelm Meves Zum "Pythagoras-Wunder" stick with pivot joint in the middle in top of silk
Inspired by Oct. 1899 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 5 No. 10) 152
Professor Bellonie Das Kartentuch deck placed in silk, performer takes out cards and names them apparently by touch, silk with pocket for cards inside
Variations Dec. 1899 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 5 No. 12) 181
Unknown Die das Tuch durchdringende Münze No. 7, glass wrapped in handkerchief and held by spectator, coin vanishes and audibly drops into glass, little coin pocket in handkerchief
 		1900 Der Amateurzauberer 21
Carl Willmann Die ihre Farbe wechselnden Tücher color changing silks in rolled-up paper carton, tube container hidden in silk
Related toAlso published here Mar. 1900 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 6 No. 3) 43
Emil Clauß Wohin? coin wrapped in handkerchief vanishes, secret rubber band to secure it and it can be shaken out
 		May 1900 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 6 No. 5) 78
Unknown Die sich vermehrenden Tücher three silks produced in bare hands, then vanished again, secret pockets in silks and loop for thumb
Also published here Sep. 1900 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 6 No. 9) 140
Carl Willmann Die sechsmalige Verwandlung eines Tuches silk changes into named color, then changes five more times, with holder
Also published here Nov. 1900 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 6 No. 11) 170
Carl Willmann Die magische Theedose tea box to switch a silk or something like that
 		June 1901 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 7 No. 6) 90
Emil Clauß Nur ein Faden! design for wires in handkerchief after ditching a box underneath
 		Aug. 1901 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 7 No. 8) 124
Dr. G. Runschke Zum verschwindenden Wasserglas vanishing glass in silk, two discs in silk as well as a connecting rod so the empty silk can stand upright by itself
Inspired by Feb. 1902 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 8 No. 2) 24
Friedrich "Fritz" Hügli 2. Die Drahtschleife silk production, steal from body, with wire
 		1902 Moderne Magie 58
Carl Posse The Rubber Band for showing both sides of hand empty
 		1903 Later Magic 216
Unknown The Hand-Box secret container attached to hand
Related to 1903 Later Magic 218
Unknown The Cache flesh-colored ball, thumbs can stick into holes for manipulation
 		1903 Later Magic 219
Unknown The "Monarch" Handkerchief Producer flesh-colored gimmick with loop
 		1903 Later Magic 223
Unknown Clips for Handkerchiefs
1903 Later Magic 224
Professor Hoffmann A Simple Appliance for Handkerchief Multiplication
1903 Later Magic 228
Friedrich W. Conradi-Horster, Ellis Stanyon Various Methods of Colour-Changing
  • The Conradi Tube
  • Sundry Appliances for Colour-Changing
Related to 1903 Later Magic 242
August Roterberg Roterberg's Vanisher, and Passes Therewith
1903 Later Magic 270
C. O. Williams Another Method of Using the Vanisher container gimmicks
 		1903 Later Magic 273
John Hamley An Ingenious Device to Facilitate the Palming and Vanishing of a Handkerchief rolling handkerchief into ball, rubber piece to hold it together
 		1903 Later Magic 278
Unknown The Shower of Sweets (Improved Method) shower of bonbons falls from handkerchief
Related to 1903 Later Magic 344
Carl Willmann Willmann's Tuchhalter holder for silks at back of chair or table with applications, also for cards that travel under a plate
 		June 1903 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 9 No. 6) 85
Unknown Das Erscheinen eines Tuches in freier Hand with gimmick between fingers, silk hangs behind hand
 		Mar. 1904 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 10 No. 3) 38
Richard Janke Ein neuer Tuchhalter holder for silk that can be attached to table or chair
 		June 1904 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 10 No. 6) 88
Charles T. Jordan A Handkerchief Hint foil in double handkerchief so it can be handled as bundle when balled up
 		1921 The Four Full Hands (Issue Four Full Hands of Down to the Minute Magical Effects) 39
Laurie Ireland Come and Go Silk Gimmick metal ball type gimmick
 		1931 Ireland Writes a Book 10
Tom Sellers Colour Change Through Fist Fake double tube
Inspired by
  • Robertson Keene color changing silk
 1931 Magical Pleasantries 26
Joseph Maynard The Premier Silk Gimmick to roll up silk(s) for production
 		1937 The Magic Annual for 1937 78
Oscar Weigle Two Silk Folds preparing for production
  • Silk Fold No. 1
  • Silk Fold No. 2
 		1939 Do That Again! 48
Unknown Color-Change Gimmick
1939 Do That Again! 52
Unknown New Silk Production Ball with two separate compartements
 		1939 The Magic Annual for 1938 and 1939 84
Unknown Color Change of Silk in Hand wind-up
 		1939 The Magic Annual for 1938 and 1939 86
Unknown Silk Vanish with Pull choreography
 		1940 The Jinx (Issue 111) 662
Unknown The Handkerchief Ball universal gimmick with loop, handwashing displays
 		1942/27 Tarbell Course in Magic — Volume 2 317
Thos. W. Duncan The Inexhaustible Hat routine, handkerchiefs transform, change and then reappear under hat, later fruits, paper streamer and finally rabbit is produced
 		1945 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1945) 22
George G. Kaplan The Trap-Door `Kerchief device for switching objects
 		1948 The Fine Art of Magic 268
U. F. Grant The Flying Glass of Water glass of water from under cloth into hat, disc in handkerchief, "visible or invisible"
 		Jan. 1949 Grant's Inner Circle Magazine (Vol. 1 No. 4) 9
Hans "Severus" Ernst Fingerhut Tuchball production of a silk, using a thimble to form a small packet and manipulating the ball before producing it
 		1951 Hokus Pokus (Vol. 12 No. 6) 37
Eddie Joseph Money Silk coin changes to handkerchief
 		1952 Tricks for Informal Occasions 29
Lewis Ganson Colour Change, Penetration and Vanish introduction to tricks with a handkerchief changing tube
 		1952 Routined Manipulation — Part Two 55
Billy McComb An Act for a Lazy Magician complete act
  • Ring on Stick
  • Card through Handkerchief
  • Anti-Gravity Glasses
  • Bill in Cigarette
  • Transformation of Handkerchief ("The End" appears)
 		1955 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1955) 4
Brian MacCarthy Hank Dropper coin dropped inside folded handkerchief can be stolen out
Also published here 1956 The Best in Magic 49
Brian MacCarthy Hank Dropper coin dropped inside folded handkerchief can be stolen out
Also published here 1956 The New Phoenix 301-348 (Issue 336) 153
Bob Schmidt Atomic Raction big silk appears in can
 		1957 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1957) 37
Unknown Handkerchief Fold small bundle
 		1968 Prize Winning Magic 14
Eddie Joseph Smoky Silks production of cigarette, then three silks
 		1969 The Art of Eddie Joseph 215
Aaron Black Color Change Dye Tube idea for construction of gimmick
 		1969 Wonderful Routines of Magic 207
Brian MacCarthy Handkerchief Fold things dropped inside can be stolen out
 		May 1970 The Pallbearers Review Vol. 5-8 (Vol. 5 No. 7) 336
Stan Shaffer The Shaffer New Silk Fold folding method for handkerchief production
 		Sep. 1970 Necromancer (Vol. 1 No. 2) 6
G. W. Hunter The Gypsy Switch switching small item when wrapping it in handkerchief, for credits and sources see page 24
VariationsAlso published here 1971 Kabbala — Volume 1 (Vol. 1 No. 1) 5
Pavel Discolora a chip changes from red to white under a silk, the silk ends up with a red circle, featuring a display sequence for the silk
 		1971 15 Mikrotricks 12
"Pins" Draper Gypsy Switch see also p. 13 for credit information
Related to 1973 Into the 4th Dimension... and Beyond 9
Brian MacCarthy Handkerchief Fold as a change bag
 		1975 Bennett's Best 44
Phoa Yan Tiong Die Fallschirm Faltung silk fold for production
Also published here
  • New Pentagram
 Feb. 1975 Intermagic (Vol. 2 No. 3) 58
Tenkai Ishida Überraschende Tuch- und Billardball Produktion silk production after showing both hands empty (bundle on thread behind hand), then ball appears
Also published here
  • Genii, Dec. 1959
 Mar. 1978 Intermagic (Vol. 5 No. 1) 26
Unknown One Handed Silk Vanish silk secretly pulled into hand as it is apparently put in paper bag
 		1979 Elastrix 13
Unknown To Make Anything Disappear with a Rubber Band small item put in silk vanishes
 		1979 Elastrix 16
Unknown Disappearance of Ring or Other Object Under Hank ring (or item) put in left hand, silk around hand, rubber band around silk, item vanishes or appears in other hand
 		1979 Elastrix 19
Jack Chanin The Disposal of the Gimmick sleeving the dye tube gaff
Related to
  • The Jaysee Color Change (Jack Chanin booklet)
Also published here 		1980 Ken Brooke's Magic — The Unique Years 71
Jack Chanin The Loading of the Gimmick into the Hand Prior tot eh Colour Change Taking Place adding dye tube gaff from sleeve
Related to
  • The Jaysee Color Change (Jack Chanin booklet)
Also published here 		1980 Ken Brooke's Magic — The Unique Years 72
Brian MacCarthy, J. W. Sarles The MacCarthy Hank Fold No. 72, marked coin among several coins in handkerchief penetrates fabric
 		1981 Self-Working Table Magic 86
Slydini Time Flies No. 73, spectator's keys, coins and watch put in handkerchief, which is then slammed on the table, watch vanishes and appears on performer's wrist, MacCarthy fold
 		1981 Self-Working Table Magic 89
Karl Fulves Pin-A.Tration No. 87, two linked safety pins penetrate handkerchief one by one, MacCarthy fold
 		1981 Self-Working Table Magic 109
Tom Gagnon Puffed flash silk production, thread and thumb tip
 		1981 Sleightly Original 51
Ken De Courcy Gimmicks dummy credit card in double handkerchief
 		1982 Creditable Conjuring 3
Brian MacCarthy Hank Dropper without credit, different ideas
 		1983 Je geschickter desto Zauberer 19
G. W. Hunter The Gypsy Switch
Also published here 1984 Fork Full of Appetizers — Book 2 140
Jerry Mentzer Vanishes for Rings brief list without details
  • Sleight-of-Hand Vanish
  • "Ringo" or a "Rattle Box"
  • I.O.U. Vanish
  • Coin Fold
  • Pull
  • Handkerchief Vanish (sewn in duplicate)
  • Thumb Tip
 		1984 Magic with Finger Rings 79
Unknown Gypsy Switch coin in handkerchief
 		1985 Korem without Limits 31
Steve Dusheck Auto-Steal Silk also "Auto-Silk", production item (jumbo coin) on thread, attached to silk through hole
Related toAlso published here 1985 The Dusheck Vest 10
Karl Fulves The Holdup No. 4, pen and pencil put in handkerchief vanish, reappear in paper bag, sleeving
Also published here 1988 Self-Working Handkerchief Magic 12
Unknown The Trap Fold No. 12, folding technique
 		1988 Self-Working Handkerchief Magic 33
Unknown The Coil Fold No. 14, folding technique, production application from sleeve
 		1988 Self-Working Handkerchief Magic 37
Unknown Silk Fold with Pencil folding method
 		1988 Self-Working Handkerchief Magic 152
Karrell Fox "Ringo" item wrapped in handkerchief vanishes, secret rubber band
 		1988 My Latest Book 30
Roy Kissell The Arkay Silk Fold guaranteeing that design on silk appears the right way for cane to silk
 		1988 My Latest Book 138
Tenkai Ishida Silk Production multiple silks appear in bare hands, with ball gimmick
 		1988 The Thoughts of Tenkai 13
Channing Pollock Das Rosentuch flower on jacket turns to silk, rolling technique
 		1989 The Lecture of Channing Pollock 12
Channing Pollock Freies Erscheine eines Tuches in der Hand I silk production, hanging on back of hand with loop, rolling technique with pencil
 		1989 The Lecture of Channing Pollock 15
Jack Chanin Die Färberöhren-Ablage sleeving the dye tube gaff
Related to
  • The Jaysee Color Change (Jack Chanin booklet)
Also published here 		Oct. 1990 Intermagic (Vol. 15 No. 4&5) 186
Jack Chanin Die Färberöhren-Aufnahme vor der Tuchfärbung adding dye tube gaff from sleeve
Related to
  • The Jaysee Color Change (Jack Chanin booklet)
Also published here 		Oct. 1990 Intermagic (Vol. 15 No. 4&5) 187
Amado Narvaez Der Schwiegermutter-Trick im modernen Gewand combination with appearing silks (pulled out of jacket at threads, appearing cane, Twentieth Century Silks
Also published here
  • Genii, 1989
 May 1994 Intermagic (Vol. 18 No. 3) 86
Karrell Fox The "Presto-Chang-O" Tube tube to switch or produce silks
 		1995 Much Ado About Something 152
Yuji Yamamoto Tuch Sperre production of a handkerchief, locking mechanism for rolled up handkerchief so it can be easily stolen
 		1996 Ideen von Yuji Yamamoto 35
J. W. Sarles Three To Go three silks vanish in hand one by one with wand, with tubes that can be unloaded in wand
 		1998 Underworld (Issue 7) 91
Jack Avis Christmas Coin Vanish Christmas party cracker as coin holder or coin clip
 		1998 Vis à Vis 11
Unknown The Gypsy Switch
Feb. 2000 Genii (Vol. 63 No. 2) 58
David P. Abbott The Red Herring Thimble piece of silk in small finger tip/thimble to fake silk after it is already gone, with routine
 		Aug. 2004 Genii (Vol. 67 No. 8) 64
David P. Abbott The Black Bag soft container for silk production
 		Aug. 2004 Genii (Vol. 67 No. 8) 67
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch discussion of the switch of a small item with a handkerchief, see following items
Related to 2006 Prolix (Issue 2) 112
Karl Fulves The Gypsy's Secret Gypsy Switch of item as it is wrapped in handkerchief
  • Basics In Brief
  • Robert-Houdin
  • Professor Hoffmann
Related to
  • "Reverse Thinking" (Discoverie #8)
 2006 Prolix (Issue 2) 113
Unknown Gypsy Switch
2006 Diverting Coin Magic 55
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch - Part Two article intro
  • A Secret From Scott
  • Edwin Sachs
Related to 2007 Prolix (Issue 3) 167
Stewart James Go Go Vanisher Handkerchief used to vanish small objects
Also published here
  • marketed by Harold Sterling, 1947
 2007 The Essential Stewart James 67
Curtis Kam Take Us Home coins change to set of keys, gypsy switch
 		2007 By All Means 19
Alan Wakeling France silks appear from holes in painting palette, wine glass appears on palette as finale, "Silks from Newspaper" gimmick
  • Notes (Jim Steinmeyer)
 		Sep. 2007 Genii (Vol. 70 No. 9) 62
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch - Part Three article intro
Related to 2008 Prolix (Issue 4) 255
Frank Kennard, Karl Fulves Frank Kennard's Method Gypsy Switch handling
Related to 2008 Prolix (Issue 4) 255
Karl Fulves Gypped on hiding the discrepancy in the Gypsy Switch
 		2008 Prolix (Issue 4) 258
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch - Part Four
Related to 2008 Prolix (Issue 5) 333
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch - Part Five intro, see following items
Related to 2009 Prolix (Issue 6) 378
Karl Fulves Tabled Gypsy Gypsy Switch
 		2009 Prolix (Issue 6) 380
Karl Fulves Creased Lightning Gypsy Switch handling
 		2009 Prolix (Issue 6) 380
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch - Part Six intro, see following items
Related to 2010 Prolix (Issue 7) 462
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch - Part Seven intro
Related to 2011 Prolix (Issue 9) 612
Karl Fulves The Gypsy Switch - Part Seven intro, actually part eight
Related to 2012 Prolix (Issue 10) 664
Jim Steinmeyer The Apport
  • Conjuring
necklace appears on spectator's hand under (gaffed) handkerchief
 		Apr. 2015 Genii (Vol. 78 No. 4) 26
Tom Stone The Pocket Problem
  • Lodestones
on different type of alternative pockets and servantes, mostly for female performers
  • Out in the Wilderness
  • Suburb Satchel
  • Osmosis (shoulder bag with opening to load cups or other things)
  • A Germain Observation (servante in cloth)
  • Chasing Tail
  • Share the Wealth
 		Apr. 2016 Genii (Vol. 79 No. 4) 52
Tom Stone Modified Go Go Vanisher
Inspired by
  • "Go Go Vanisher" (Stewart James in Print, 1989, p. 388)
 Feb. 2017 Genii (Vol. 80 No. 2) 54
Johnny Thompson Pockets and Principles
  • The Jacket
  • The Pockets
  • Pocket Locations
  • The Dove Bag
  • The Silk Shroud
  • The Silks
 		2018 The Magic of Johnny Thompson (Issue 2) 215
Unknown Silk Fold into ball around plug, for production
 		2018 The Magic of Johnny Thompson (Issue 2) 239
Jonathan Neal Carson, McCartney, and Hay
  • Secrets Within Secrets
silk visibly vanishes from clear plastic cylinder, silk-to-ball reel, silk reappears visibly knotted onto rope
 		Oct. 2018 Genii (Vol. 81 No. 10) 36
José Carroll Preliminary Techniques
  • 1. The Loading of the Thumb Tip into the Left Hand
  • 2. The Insertion of the Handkerchief into the Thumb Tip
  • 3. The Stealing of the Loaded Thumb Tip from the Left Hand
  • 4. The Showing of the Hands
    • Before the vanish
    • After the vanish
  • 5. The Reappearance of the Handkerchief
  • 6. Color Change
 		2019 52 Lovers — Through the Looking-Glass 250
Jonathan Neal Cause and Effect
  • Secrets Within Secrets
all silks end up knotted in a row, switch using the table
 		Feb. 2020 Genii (Vol. 83 No. 2) 60