Changing & Switching Devices

160 entries in Apparatus / Changing & Switching Devices
Creators Title Comments & References Year Source Page AA Categories
Unknown Voyage d'une carte expliqué Card in a box travel to another card in another box explained, box with flap
 		1786 Testament de Jérôme Sharp 86
Unknown The Reversible Canister bottle with two compartments to switch handkerchief or something else
 		1876 Modern Magic 245
Unknown The Burning Globe brass globe for switching
 		1876 Modern Magic 246
Unknown The Magic Coffers tin boxes for switching (e.g. beans to coffee-berries)
 		1876 Modern Magic 333
Unknown Changing Caddies box with two or three lids for changing objects
 		1876 Modern Magic 348
Unknown The Magic Vase and Caddy (To make peas change places with a handkerchief.)
 		1876 Modern Magic 351
Unknown The Changing Cover object is switched underneath metal cover
 		1876 Modern Magic 356
Unknown The Changing Ladle on a stick, to change flat objects, as card burning, paper switch or Q&A device
Related to 1876 Modern Magic 358
Unknown The Bran Glass glass (apparently) filled with bran covered, bran changes into anything
Related to 1876 Modern Magic 383
Unknown The Tables in use in Stage Tricks
  • The "Plain" Trap
  • The "Wrist" or "Pressure" Trap
  • The "Rabbit" or "Dove" Trap
  • "Changing" Traps
  • The "Money" Trap
  • "Pistons" (for working mechanical apparatus)
  • "Bellows" Tables
 		1876 Modern Magic 437
Unknown A New Changing Card-box, an Tricks therewith
1890 More Magic 121
Devono Watch-bag watch placed in bag and bag swung around to crash watch
Variations 1890 More Magic 193
Professor Hoffmann Watch-Stocking lady's stocking produced from spectator, watch placed in lady's socking which is swung around to crash watch
Inspired by 1890 More Magic 195
Bland A Saucepan to Cook a Handkerchief pan with secrets compartment
 		1890 More Magic 233
Unknown Die Kartenservante No. 11, deck switch with servante behind chair
Related to 1895 Der Kartenkünstler 80
Unknown Vertauschen eines Kartenspieles vermittelst Servante deck switch with servante behind chair
Related to 1896 Der moderne Kartenkünstler 176
Emil Clauß, Friedrich "Fritz" Hügli Halbfertige Ideen tray for switching
 		Jan. 1902 Die Zauberwelt (Vol. 8 No. 1) 16
Unknown The Hat divider, introduced into borrowed top hat
 		1903 Later Magic 12
Dr. Lynn Switching Parcel in Hat using two borrowed hats to switch item, body load
 		1903 Later Magic 14
Hamley Brothers The Velvet Changing Bag
1903 Later Magic 81
Unknown Das Geheimnis des Wörterbuches empty billets put in hat, a page chosen in a dictionary, that page opened in another one and counted down to a word that corresponds with a number chosen from a change bag of number cards, that word is suddenly on a billet that's chosen form the hat, using force book with only two numbers to force page
Related to May 1904 Der Zauberspiegel (Vol. 4 No. 5) 78
Charles T. Jordan The Card and Bag Mystery No. 30, Joker is put in envelope and pierced with thread inside a bag, it transposes with a selection, duplicate
 		1919/1920 Thirty Card Mysteries 77
Edward Bagshawe The Circle of Coincidence five different-colored silks are put in envelopes and attached to a star stand, five color cards are shuffled and matched up with the silks, tray to switch cards
 		1924 Exclusive Problems in Magic 11
Oswald Rae The Mysterious Links separate links form into a chain, using a tray
Related to 1926 Between Ourselves 39
Oswald Rae A Visible Servante hat to switch decks
 		1928 Sub Rosa 11
Oswald Rae Switching Table flap
 		1928 Sub Rosa 65
Oswald Rae Clairvoyance (A Method of Answering Sealed Questions, etc., Specially Devised for Close Work with a Small Audience), envelopes on a tray, with medium
 		1928 Sub Rosa 82
Oswald Rae The Mysterious Links very brief, details in Oswald Rae's "Between Ourselves", separate links form into a chain with tray
Related to 1929 More Practical Patter 32
Theodore Annemann Seven Keys to Baldpate
1931 The Book Without A Name 54
Oscar Weigle Fake Compartment Paper Cone
1939 Do That Again! 60
E. D. Wolff Impromptu Change Bag folded napkin
 		1940 The Jinx (Issue 76) 503
Unknown Cloth Changing Bag double bag, used for number force
 		1941/27 Tarbell Course in Magic — Volume 1 292
Unknown Elusive Silks change bag routine with appearances, disappearances, color changes
 		1941/27 Tarbell Course in Magic — Volume 1 358
Tom Sellers A Colour Force change bag type
 		1942 That's Good! 8
George Armstrong The G.A. Card Changing Tray
1942 The Phoenix 1-50 (Issue 13) 51
Bruce Elliott The Back Room last ideas by Annemann, on Greer Marechal building a changing bag from a hat, newspaper clippings
 		1942 The Phoenix 1-50 (Issue 14) 60
Tom Sellers Parasol Exchange Tube
1943 Magical Mixture 8
Unknown Change-Bag Switch no motivation given
 		1943 25 Methods for Switching Decks 12
Phil J. Flad, Jr. Lota Bowl combined with change bag, silks are wrung out over lota bowl, transform into Union Jack
 		Oct. 1944 Hugard's Magic Monthly — Volumes I, II, III and IV (Vol. 2 No. 5) 76
Henry J. Young The Flat Rabbit Comes to Life change box
 		1945 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1945) 33
Robert A. Nelson Nelson's Impromptu Change Bag paper bag, for switching stuff, forcing
 		1945 Miracles in Mentalism and Psychic Experimentation 17
Robert A. Nelson A Subtle Touch with the Change Bag
1945 Miracles in Mentalism and Psychic Experimentation 18
Robert A. Nelson Nelson's Cigar Change Box billet switching box, similar to Otis Manning's "The OM Billet Switching Box"
Related to 1945 Miracles in Mentalism and Psychic Experimentation 23
Unknown The Jap Handkerchief Box as a switching device for a few billets
 		1945 Miracles in Mentalism and Psychic Experimentation 24
John Brown Cook, Arthur H. Buckley The Crystal Ball spectator sees selected word fro a newspaper clipping in a crystal ball, change bag
 		1947 Gems of Mental Magic 59
Harlan Tarbell The Tarbell Slot Board utility trey to switch or add things
 		1948/27 Tarbell Course in Magic — Volume 5 187
Eugene Gloye Magic Weaving - A Change Bag Quicke spools change into silks
 		1955 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1955) 23
Eugene Gloye Spooks using change bag, silks appear and disappear, ghost story
 		1955 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1955) 24
Lane Bateman Idea for Mr. Skunk Trick black and white paper changes to skunk, inside a bag
 		1957 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1957) 10
R. W. Grosholz Musical Thoughts different billets with songs, three are selected and pianist divines them by playing them on a piano
 		1959 More Miracles in Mentalism 10
Dr. Spencer Thornton Serial Number Telepathy one of five collected bills is selected and the serial number divined
 		1959 More Miracles in Mentalism 12
C. James Rainho Red White & Blue Fantasy silks change to flag, flag vanishes and appears on flag pole
 		1960 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1960) 50
Robert A. Nelson Life Savers with an ESP Flavor bag with different flavored Life Savor candies, spectator takes one and eats it, performer divines taste
 		1961 Still More Miracles in Mentalism 11
Robert A. Nelson Nelson's Notes brand of cigarette is divined
 		1961 Still More Miracles in Mentalism 11
Robert Harbin New Life for an Old Bag Newspaper change bag / sugar bag
 		1968 Newspaper Magic 133
Theophil "Philius" Weidmann Der durchsichtige Changierbeutel how to build the transparent / clear forcing bag
 		1968 Hokus Pokus (Vol. 29 No. 6) 108
Johann Nepomuk Hofzinser Change Bag to force Page Number
Winter 1969 The Pallbearers Review Vol. 5-8 (Vol. 5 No. 3rd Folio) 302
Fred Stocke Freddie's Funny Tie Trick comedy routine with assistant, tie is cut, then partially and eventually fully restored
 		1970 Ireland's Yearbooks (Issue Yearbook 1969-70) 114
Edward G. Brown The Card Is Chosen from a Shuffled Pack in a Hat or Bag
1973 The Card Magic of Edward G. Brown 195
Edward G. Brown The Force Card Is Substituted for a Chosen Card by Means of Apparatus
1973 The Card Magic of Edward G. Brown 195
Theo "Okito" Bamberg The Confetti Trick glass is filled with confetti from a box, confetti changes into rabbit, uses the Substitution Principle
 		1973 The Oriental Magic of the Bambergs 108
Theo "Okito" Bamberg Gobi Bowl bowl is filled with confetti from a box, confetti changes into water, uses the Substitution Principle
Also published here 1973 The Oriental Magic of the Bambergs 110
Theo "Okito" Bamberg Jewel Chest Mystery box with objects from the audience vanishes and appears again, uses the Substitution Principle
 		1973 The Oriental Magic of the Bambergs 112
Theo "Okito" Bamberg The Linking Chain Links loose chain links link together in a glass, uses the Substitution Principle
 		1973 The Oriental Magic of the Bambergs 115
Patrick Page The Changing Bag handkerchiefs turn into flag
 		1974 Tricks with Handkerchiefs 62
Patrick Page The Twentieth-Century Handkerchief with change bag
 		1974 Tricks with Handkerchiefs 64
Richard Lyn Name Dropper! name is selected from clear plastic forcing bag, divined and appears on soot
Related to 1975 Magick (Issue 119) 591
John A. Novak Budget Saver substitute for Himber wallet, checkbook
 		1975 Magick (Issue 126) 628
Fredric Broder Fortune's Cookies prediction of message from fortune cookies, lot of cookies in a box, several are selected
 		1975 Magick (Issue 129) 641
Michael P. Hades Transparent Force Bag from clear polyethylene
 		1975 Mind & Matter 30
Philip T. Goldstein Double Undercurrent card written down and selected card match
 		1976 The Blue Book of Mentalism 20
Gene Nielsen Check Mate checkers in bag, spectator choses only checker with different color
 		1976 Magick (Issue 150) 749
Patrick Page The Changing Bag routine with child, handkerchiefs appear
 		1976 The Big Book of Magic 245
Unknown Egyptian Cabinet cabinet with drawer to switch objects
 		1976 Classic Magic with Apparatus 132
Burling Hull An Old Word Force double-pocket bag with numbered chips
 		1976 The Amazing World of Mentalism 74
Tan Hock Chuan The Reappearing Pearls String of pearls appear in empty box
 		1977 The Magic of Tan Hock Chuan 39
Dennis Marks Mark's Man business cards, some with X, to select spectator
Also published here 1978 Magick (Issue 200) 998
Theo "Okito" Bamberg The Card to Canary Box
1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 119
Unknown Classic Change Bags various models and designs, Purse, Willmann, Bartl, P&L, Conradi, Abbot
 		1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 197
Unknown Card Ladle on a stick, to change card
Related to 1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 200
Servais LeRoy Change Tray flap
 		1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 202
Unknown Fire Globe "Caracelli Vase", object is burnt in small vase and returns unharmed
 		1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 204
Unknown Exchange Cannister two types, tube and box
 		1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 205
Unknown Coffee and Milk Cups "The Kellar Cups", cups poured with confetti change into coffee and milk
 		1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 248
Theo "Okito" Bamberg The Okito Confetti to Goldfish in Water uses the Substitution Principle
 		1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 250
Theo "Okito" Bamberg The Canary Effect egg transforms into canary inside temple-like box
 		1978/76 More Classic Magic with Apparatus 254
U. F. Grant Plastic Forcing Bag clear forcing bag with three compartments, brief
 		1979 Magick (Issue 236) 1178
Craig Karges Chek Mate bank night, spectators play for performer's fee, psychological twist, clear forcing bag
Variations 1980 Magick (Issue 265) 1322
Ken De Courcy The Clever Lady Trick three cards chosen, one remembered, all cards torn in quarters, performer does same, all pieces tossed in change bag, spectator removes four pieces, they make up selection, it is restored in bag
Inspired by
  • marketed George Blake effect
 1980 Cards in Cabaret 45
Dennis Marks Grand Strategy color chip chosen by spectator, scrambled cube solved by performer blindfolded, first chosen color then rest, cube really brute-force solved
Also published here 1981 Magick (Issue 277) 1382
Theo "Okito" Bamberg The Bowl of Confetti and Water bowl is filled with confetti from a box, confetti changes into water, uses the Substitution Principle, with a more concrete description of Okito's Handling than in "The Oriental Magic of the Bambergs"
Also published here 1982 Further Classic Magic With Apparatus 14
Unknown Exchange Flower Box objects in box change to flowers
 		1982 Further Classic Magic With Apparatus 178
Unknown The Grande Entrance No. 100, with Nelson changing grocery paper bag
 		1983 101 Psychic Tests 28
Nelson Lyford Changierbeutel x3 intro
Also published here
  • Nelson Lyford's Notizbuch
 Jan. 1983 Intermagic (Vol. 9 No. 4) 153
Nelson Lyford Die Juwelen des Kaisers Wang Foo routine with pearls, wine glasses and change bag
 		Jan. 1983 Intermagic (Vol. 9 No. 4) 153
Nelson Lyford, R. Waddell Die Knotenlosen Knoten silk knot routine with change bag
 		Jan. 1983 Intermagic (Vol. 9 No. 4) 154
Nelson Lyford Vollkommen Unerwartet billiard ball routine with - wait for it - a change bag
 		Jan. 1983 Intermagic (Vol. 9 No. 4) 154
Ken De Courcy Changed Aces Deck dropped into Change Bag, magician pulls out Aces
Related to 1983 Four Ace Intro's 20
Joseph Dunninger, Al Mann Methods of Gaining Information for Performer for the blindfold drive
A: The Impression Envelope
B: The Stuffed Pen
C: Stuffed Cigarette
D: Contact Mindreading
E: Impression Notebook
F: (publicity with VIPs)
G: A Confederate
H: Clip Boards, Etc.
I: Audience Participation (with changing bag)
 		1984 Publicity Secrets 3
Bill Worsley It's a Swindle with change bag and slips of paper
Also published here 1984 Spell-Binder (Vol. 3 No. 33) 637
Robert E. Neale Neale's Shortchange Wallet No. 70, wallet folded from paper, can be used to switch something
Also published here 1985 Self-Working Paper Magic 121
Robert E. Neale Short Change Wallet wallet folded from paper, can be used to switch something, optional slit à la Bendix Bombshell Wallet
VariationsAlso published here 1985 S-C — Contemporary Money Magic (Issue 1) 2
Karl Fulves Wallethots further ideas for Neale's wallet, easier way to construct it
Inspired by 1985 S-C — Contemporary Money Magic (Issue 1) 8
Gene Nielsen, Jeff Busby Ultimate Transparent Change Bag credit information and basic handling
Inspired by
  • "Transparent Change Bag" (U. F. Grant, late 1950s)
 1985 The Bag Book 1
Jeff Busby, Gene Nielsen Additional Notes on the transparent change bag
Related to 1985 The Bag Book 7
Jack Yates Choice twelve objects are put in a bag, two spectators select one each, performer divines both, then from all objects are removed and replaced in the bag, the last one was predicted
 		1986 Clue and other Mysteries 10
Jack Yates Clue six spectators with cards and pens, one of them writes an X on his card behind performers back, those with red cards must speak truth, black must lie, performer finds different colored disc, murder game
Variations 1986 Clue and other Mysteries 51
Pedro Eine humorvolle Routine mit dem Changierbeutel handkerchief penetration, then they knot inside a changing bag
 		1986 Gimmick (Issue 2) 4
Alan Shaxon Potted Chance different colored cups, bag with silks, children get candies in the remaining cup is money
Also published here 1986 Das Alan Shaxon Seminar 1986 22
Pat Conway The Conway Cigarette Case metal cigarette case as switching device, can be opened by spectator
Inspired by 1987 The Pat Way to Con 28
Jean Garance Eine Routine mit Seidenbändern und einem Changierbeutel ribbons in bag become ribbon rings, then they link, form a large ring and disappear at the end, with child assistant
 		1990 Jean Garance 6
Christoph Borer Runenmirakel one of several rune stones is selected and spectator draws symbol, performer duplicates the drawing
Also published here 1991 Magie 8
Alexander de Cova Der Mandragones Umschlag envelope in clear plastic bag used to switch items
Inspired by
  • "Perfect Match" (Larry White)
 1992 Ein Profi packt aus... 83
Mila Trnka Der Geheimnisvolle Becher idea for opaque cup as switching device
Also published here
  • Prager Zaubereien
 Sep. 1992 Intermagic (Vol. 17 No. 2) 78
Jerry Mentzer Switch Calculator calculator with cover as two-way out switching device
 		1994 Close-Up File 22
Alan Shaxon Versiegeltes Glück different colored cups, bag with silks, children get candies in the remaining cup is money
Also published here 1994 Alan Shaxon Lecture 35
Bill Worsley So ein Schwindel with change bag and slips of paper
Also published here July 1994 Intermagic (Vol. 18 No. 4&5) 176
Karrell Fox The "Presto-Chang-O" Tube tube to switch or produce silks
 		1995 Much Ado About Something 152
Unknown Stamped separating 1 cent stamps from 2 cent stamps, ca. 1930s
 		1995 Underworld (Issue 1) 5
Karl Fulves Favorite Food No. 36, paper change bag, used to have the spectator select paper billets with his own favorite food
 		1995 Easy Magic 50
Joseph M. White By the Numbers bag which contains discs with numbers on both sides, spectator selects some, total match named number, plastic forcing bag
 		1996 Syzygy (Vol. 3 No. 4) 191
Ali Cardabra Comedy Tuchverschwinden comedy silk vanish with change bag in which one side goes through bottom
 		1997 Intermagic (Vol. 21 No. 4&5) 188
Dick Steiner The Ziploc Gizmo forcing bag made from clear ziploc bag
 		1997 Syzygy (Vol. 3 No. 17) 257
Christoph Borer, Michel Gammenthaler Die Herstellung how to build a clear forcing bag
Related to 1999 Anam Clara 10
Christoph Borer, Michel Gammenthaler Einige Ideen zur Handhabung handling of the clear changing bag
  • 1. Alle Fächer sind schon geladen
  • 2. Das heimliche Laden des Beutels
  • Die Wahl
  • Varianten
 		1999 Anam Clara 13
Christoph Borer, Michel Gammenthaler Tigris spectator selects piece of newspaper and choses a word, prediction
 		1999 Anam Clara 17
Christoph Borer, Michel Gammenthaler Han number, city and word is selected and all predicted on a parcel encoded in the sender's address, clear forcing bag
Related toAlso published here 1999 Anam Clara 21
Christoph Borer, Michel Gammenthaler Hoops a daisy spectator selects a zodiac card among twelve from a clear bag, it matches his zodiac sign
 		1999 Anam Clara 27
Christoph Borer, Michel Gammenthaler Ni Perro Ni Gatto poetry book, number, name and events are selected, written dedication found in the book for chosen event
 		1999 Anam Clara 38
Barrie Richardson Alphabet Mentalism scrabble pieces in clear change bag, Trick that Fooled Einstein, followed by letter divination (tossed-out deck principle)
Also published here 1999 Theater of the Mind 126
Unknown Kartenwanderung with change bag
 		1999 Intermagic (Vol. 23 No. 2) 67
Christoph Borer, Michel Gammenthaler Han number, city and word is selected and all predicted on a parcel encoded in the sender's address, clear forcing bag
Also published here 2000 Anam Cara 13
Tom Stone Turbo Changebag one-handed plain change bag
Also published here 2000 ...at first sight 12
Dennis Marks Zuschauer-Auslese business cards, some with X, to select spectator
Also published here 2000 Intermagic (Vol. 23 No. 4&5) 155
Karl Fulves Kid Silks color changing silk routine with change back and two children that see different colors in in
Inspired by
  • Bruce Posgate column in New Tops
 2001 Latter Day Secrets (Issue 5) 150
Donato Colucci The Traveling Egg introduction, description of bran glass
Related to 2002 The Encyclopedia of Egg Magic 153
Christoph Borer Der Zauberfreund number, city and word is selected and all predicted on a parcel encoded in the sender's address, clear forcing bag
Also published here 2003 Bisingen 03 6
Tomo Maeda Ten Socks in a Bag clear bag with socks, performer finds two of same color without looking, spectator finds two different-colored socks which match what the performer is wearing
Variations July 2003 Genii (Vol. 66 No. 7) 45
Barrie Richardson The Ambiguous Coffee Can two-sided can for two-way out, e.g. for Premonition
Also published here
  • Club 71, Winter 1999
 2005 Act Two 39
Barrie Richardson Marble Memories marble distribution taken by spectators divined, clear change bag
Inspired byAlso published here
  • Vibrations, May 2004
 2005 Act Two 150
Christoph Borer Der Zauberfreund number, city and word is selected and all predicted on a parcel encoded in the sender's address, clear forcing bag
Also published here 2006 Compilation 26
Christoph Borer Runenmirakel one of several rune stones is selected and spectator draws symbol, performer duplicates the drawing
Also published here 2006 Compilation 148
Christoph Borer Runen-Wunder selected rune stone is divined
Also published here
  • Runen-Mirakel in "Seminar 1997"
 2006 Compilation 151
Tom Burgoon Burgoon's Balloons routine in which spectators always get the same-colored balloon from a change bag
 		Nov. 2006 Genii (Vol. 69 No. 11) 27
Tony Bartolotta Signature Collection spectator choses a half-card from clear plastic bag, some others tossed up and performer catches matching half-card with a deck while riffling it, prediction card in wallet, then a different card is chosen and signed on back, card in wallet then has the signature on back, Himber wallet, clear forcing bag
 		2007 Prolix (Issue 3) 163
Alan Wakeling Persia silks appear, change and fuse in changing fez
  • Notes (Jim Steinmeyer)
 		Sep. 2007 Genii (Vol. 70 No. 9) 65
Karl Fulves The Flip Wallet two cardboards with ribbons, Jacob's ladder style, construction and several application, two-panel flexagon
Related to 2008 Prolix (Issue 5) 307
Karl Fulves, Robert E. Neale McKinney's Switch Device "Flexible Switching"
paper model of flexagon switching wallet
Related to 2009 Xtra Credit (Issue 3) 10
Carl T. Dreher The Sorting Hat paper clips link in hat, presentation about sorting hat and which college the kids will attend
 		May 2010 Genii (Vol. 73 No. 5) 17
David Acer The Sock Catcher sock travels from dryer into change bag, then initialed coin does
  • Part One: Sockgate
  • Part Two: Coingate
 		Oct. 2010 Genii (Vol. 73 No. 10) 77
Tom Stone Turbo Change Bag one-handed plain change bag
Also published here 2011 Maelstrom 246
Robert Cassidy, Erik Jan Hanussen The Hanussen Switch Bag switch bag, double sided Devil's Handkerchief
 		2013 The Artful Mentalism of Bob Cassidy — Volume 2: Fundamentals 130
Unknown Switching Box used for business cards here
 		June 2014 Genii (Vol. 77 No. 6) 31
John Gaughan The Card Ladle
  • The Chamber of Secrets
on a stick, to change flat objects
Related to Dec. 2015 Genii (Vol. 78 No. 12) 18
John Gaughan The Coffee Vase and Bran Bowl
  • The Chamber of Secrets
glass (apparently) filled with bran covered, bran changes into anything
Related to Jan. 2016 Genii (Vol. 79 No. 1) 16
David Kaye This Time... I Absolutely, Positively Know That One!
  • The Expert at the Kids' Table
change bag in magic sets
 		Mar. 2016 Genii (Vol. 79 No. 3) 24
Tom Stone Triptych of Bafflement
  • Lodestones
borrowed finger ring vanishes from one silk, small locked box vanishes from another silk, in a change bag appears the box with the ring inside
 		Feb. 2017 Genii (Vol. 80 No. 2) 54
Nadia "Lou" Schürmann, Christoph Borer DIe Hexenprobe Kurotsuke effect with stones
 		2018 Mentale Notizen 131
Kurt Freitag It's In the Bag spectator chooses a card and a rubber band color, both have been predicted, clear change bag
 		Sep. 2018 Genii (Vol. 81 No. 9) 89
Mike Pisciotta The Devil's Lunch Sack paper back as switching device
 		2020 As Above, So Below 3